Hypothenar hammer syndrome: An underdiagnosed cause in workers exposed to hand-arm vibration
Keywords:
Diseases, Hammers, Case reports, Cohort studies, Hand-arm vibration, Literature reviews, Occupational exposure, Rare disease, ThompsonAbstract
The literature reporting structural lesions such as HHS among HAVS patients is reported and and cases of thrombosis of the radial and cubital arteries that could account for the poor prognosis of HAVS patients are presented. The preliminary literature review on HHS found few studies on I-IHS. mainly case reports and a few small cohort studies. Thompson et al. (2006), Noël (1998) and Kaji et al. (1993) reported cases of HHS and Youakim (2006) reported one case of thenar hammer syndrome. Conn et al. (1970) first described HHS as a rare disease and found that among 1300 individuals presenting with hand ischemia, the prevalence of HHS is 1.6% and is reported as high as 7% in 333 vibration-exposed workers. Marie et al., 2007 and Kaji et al., 1993 found that the mean duration of occupational exposure to repetitive palmar trauma at HHS diagnosis is 21 years. HAVS and HHS can produce similar symptoms however, the presence of hand cyanosis and pain and ulcers and necrosis with or without Raynaud's phenomenon can lead to suspected HHS.Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright on articles is held by the author(s). The corresponding author has the right to grant on behalf of all authors and does grant on behalf of all authors, a worldwide exclusive licence (or non-exclusive license for government employees) to the Publishers and its licensees in perpetuity, in all forms, formats and media (whether known now or created in the future)
i) to publish, reproduce, distribute, display and store the Contribution;
ii) to translate the Contribution into other languages, create adaptations, reprints, include within collections and create summaries, extracts and/or, abstracts of the Contribution;
iii) to exploit all subsidiary rights in the Contribution,
iv) to provide the inclusion of electronic links from the Contribution to third party material where-ever it may be located;
v) to licence any third party to do any or all of the above.